Question Number: 155
PDR Number: SQ22-000524
Date Submitted: 21/11/2022
Department or Body: Department of Health
Question 8 As previously stated in SQ22-000146, animal toxicity studies were conducted on the mRNA vaccines and reviewed in detail by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) before approval for human use. After up to four doses of the vaccines were administered there was no evidence of damage to the immune system or other organ systems. A recent UK study of the safety and efficacy of a fifth COVID-19 vaccine dose (available at: https://academic.oup.com/rheumatology/article/61/12/e360/6618544) showed that the fifth dose was safe and well tolerated, and increased neutralising antibodies in immunocompromised individuals. While ongoing safety continues to be closely monitored by the TGA, there is no credible evidence to suggest that subsequent booster doses carry any more risk than the primary dose series (first and second dose). Question 9 Response previously provided in SQ22-000108. Question 10 Response previously provided in SQ21-001136. Question 11 Prevention of severe illness from COVID-19 remains the primary goal of Australia’s ongoing COVID-19 vaccination program. Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (ATAGI) advises that booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines maintain optimal protection against infection with SARS CoV-2 as protection against SARS CoV-2 wanes over time. In making its recommendations and to ensure the benefits outweigh the risks, ATAGI draws on and considers information from a range of credible sources in relation to COVID-19 and vaccines.
All ATAGI statements include links to the best available medical evidence used to inform ATAGI’s booster advice:
• ATAGI statement about the need for additional doses of COVID-19 vaccines | Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care (the department), available at: www.health.gov.au/news/atagi-statement-about-the-need-for-additional-doses-ofcovid-19-vaccines#_blank.
• www.health.gov.au/news/atagi-recommendations-for-use-of-pfizer-covid-19-vaccineas-a-booster-dose-in-adolescents-aged-16-17-years.
• www.health.gov.au/news/atagi-statement-on-the-omicron-variant-and-the-timing-ofcovid-19-booster-vaccination.
Question 12 This assertion is incorrect. Safety data for the Pfizer BNT162b2 (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccine has been collected well beyond one month after dose two. Details of the clinical trial data used to inform the decision to provisionally approve the Pfizer BNT162b2 (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccine are detailed in the Australian Public Assessment Report published on the TGA website, available at: www.tga.gov.au/sites/default/files/auspar-bnt162b2-mrna210125.pdf. In addition to the clinical trial data evaluated by the TGA, conditions of provisional registration for all new COVID-19 vaccines in Australia include submission of monthly safety summary reports for the first six months, and thereafter at the TGA specified interval, and six-monthly periodic safety update reports. These reports include summaries of global post-market safety data as summary of interval and cumulative data. In addition, the first people vaccinated in trials of the mRNA vaccines were vaccinated two ½ year ago, and the rollout commenced two years ago. There have been a number of longer-term real-world efficacy and safety studies now published covering very large groups of immunised people.
Question 13 Decisions to register a vaccine on the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods (ARTG), and keep that product on the ARTG, are based on whether the overall benefit of the medicine is considered to outweigh the potential risks of its use. This acceptable rate of side effects for a product will depend on considerations such as the nature of the condition the product is used to prevent or treat, its effectiveness in preventing or treating the condition, the severity of the side effects, and whether the side effects can be minimised or avoided. Therefore, there is no predetermined rate of adverse effects that is used as a benchmark for determining the safety of vaccines.
Question 14 Response previously provided in SQ22-000015.