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QUESTION ON NOTICE

Question:

Senator RENNICK: Maybe it’s a statement. Let’s move on to the next one. The other night I asked you about blood tests and donating blood after three days. You said there’s no reason why the spike protein would be in the actual blood. Firstly, in the actual non-clinical evaluation report from the TGA it says there is no actual testing of the spike protein in the clinic itself. To say that you wouldn’t know that it’s in the blood – you wouldn’t actually know that because, as it says here, there is no distribution and degradation data on the S-antigen encoding mRNA, that is, the spike protein. The same question to you. The other night you said, ‘It wouldn’t be in the blood.’ My question to you is: how would you know that if there is never any testing done on the spike protein, firstly? A study published in May 2021 documented for the first time that S-proteins were found in 11 of the 13 subjects as early as one day after the injection of, in this case, the Moderna vaccine. Prof. Murphy: Where? Senator RENNICK: In the blood. They found the spike protein in the blood. Studies have found spike proteins in the blood as early as one day after the actual vaccine. Prof. Murphy: All I can say is that I’m happy to take that issue on notice again and get Professor Skerritt to respond on the full dataset that we have around this issue. I’ve not seen any evidence that spike proteins are detected three days after vaccines in any studies that I’ve seen. But I’m not across all of the literature. If it’s a legitimate question I will get the TGA to address it. Senator RENNICK: You wouldn’t find that evidence because there were no studies done, according to this TGA report. Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence. They are two separate things. […] Prof. Murphy: I certainly didn’t say that, but Professor Skerritt may have. We’ve let him go now. Again, we’ll take it on notice to come back to you on that issue. I have really strong confidence in our regulatory process. We now have real-world evidence of many billions of doses of these vaccines. We believe that they are incredibly effective and incredibly safe. Professor Skerritt said we only had I think 14 confirmed deaths associated with vaccines, and many of them were with AstraZeneca. I really do have great faith in our regulatory system.

Answer:

Question Number: 84
PDR Number: SQ22-000439
Date Submitted: 10/11/2022
Department or Body: Department of Health

A whole-body imaging study with a surrogate mRNA expressing luciferase protein encapsulated in the lipid nanoparticles used in the Pfizer vaccine indicated that the expressed protein was mainly localised at the injection site and distributed to liver. Spike protein expression was detected in antigen presenting cells in draining lymph nodes and spleen in mice after injection of the Moderna mRNA vaccine. The spike protein expressed by COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in blood circulation was not measured in nonclinical animal studies. In a recent publication, available at: https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/74/4/715/6279075, very low levels (in pg/mL) of a fragment (S1 subunit) of the spike protein were detected in the plasma of 11 out of 13 human subjects from one day to nine days after the first injection. The full-length spike protein was only detected in three out of 13 subjects from day nine to 29. The S1 protein rapidly disappeared, associated with the induction of anti-S1 and anti-spike antibodies. After the second vaccine dose, no S1 or spike protein was detected.

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LATEST QUESTIONS ON NOTICE

Senator RENNICK: Okay-last question. I had a conversation with Gavin Morris a couple of years ago about the way the ABC reports the increase in temperature from 1910. The ABC, like many other media organisations, reports the homogenised data without actually explaining the difference between the homogenised data and the raw data. Gavin Morris stressed that they reported the raw data. That is incorrect; the ABC reports the homogenised data. So I’ll ask this question again: why won’t the ABC distinguish between the raw data and the homogenised data, which is a different dataset to the actual observations recorded by the bureau? Mr Anderson: I don’t know the answer to that. I will need to take that on notice and provide a response to you. Senator RENNICK: Okay. I would like to point out that Gavin Morris did say last time that they reported the raw data and that they distinguished between raw and homogenised. I’ll stress this again, the ABC doesn’t, but I think in terms of full transparency they should.

Senator RENNICK: Do we have any costings for storage? How much will it cost, in terms of storage, to get to our 2030 target? Mr Duggan: A lot of this is, of course, private provisions. In fact, you’d hope that the vast majority of it was. Government has policies that would assist thatSenator RENNICK: That is fine, but we’re told every day that renewables are cheaper. I want that quote substantiated by proper costings, whether it’s funded publicly or privately, because it’s going to end up either out of the taxpayer’s pocket or on their energy bill. So I’m looking for costings just on storage. I want it on other issues as well, such as transmission, but I’m asking: do you have costings on that storage? Ms Brunoro: We’ll take that on notice. The difficulty with answering that question with any kind of precision is that, in terms of deep storage, it will relate to a number of technologies-it’s the same for deep and shallow. It will ultimately depend on the precise mix of those, but we can do things at a high level with respect to the nature of the type of storage that fits within that and provide some estimates to you. Senator RENNICK: So you don’t have definite figures at the moment? Mr Duggan: What we can do for you-and we’ll have to take this on notice-is look at the existing pipeline of projects that are underway and what the private proponents have told us about the cost of those things. We can add to that: through Rewiring the Nation or other policies that are helping to assist that, we can break down the government contribution to that. But we just don’t have all that detail in front of us. Senator RENNICK: I want government and private, because, ultimately, it going to cost the consumer through taxes or energy bills. But is that fair to say that that’s not completed yet? Mr Duggan: We will take that on notice and we’ll endeavour to do our best to come back to you.

Senator RENNICK: Thanks very much. Yet again, in terms of the overall modelling, have you got a breakout of how many turbines you need, how many solar panels you need to get to 82 per cent renewables? Ms Brunoro: Again, the Integrated System Plan does provide an indication of the type of the level of renewable energy, so just bear with us a second. Mr Peisley: Sorry, I don’t think we do have that figure in front of us. We’re happy to take it on notice and get it to you. Ms Brunoro: But if it gives you a sense of it, it’s nine times the amount of the existing variable renewable energy that currently is-well, as of when the last Integrated System Plan came out, it was operating in the NEM at that point. So that gives you the quantum ofSenator RENNICK: So nine times what? Ms Brunoro: Nine times. Senator RENNICK: Yes, but what? Ms Brunoro: The variable renewable energy that is currently in the National Electricity Market. Senator RENNICK: So what’s the cost of that? Ms Brunoro: Again, Senator, it depends on the mix of technologies that you’re going to deploy. There are some figures that we can pull out for you around what they roughly think around different-solar versus wind for instance. We can actually seek to provideSenator RENNICK: So can you give me some definite costings on that? Not now, but on notice?

1. According to the December 2020 update, Australia emitted 499 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent to a 5 per cent decrease on 2019. Australia’s grasslands are estimated to be 440 million hectares and native forest 147 million hectares, a total of approximately 587 hectares. It is estimated forest and grasslands absorb between 0.5 and 2 tonnes of carbon per hectare. Assuming an average of 1 tonne of CO2 absorbed by these landscapes then isn’t Australia already at net zero? 2. Can the CSIRO provide a comprehensive roadmap of the work required for Australia to meet a 43% reduction in CO2 by 2030? This roadmap should set out the length of transmission lines, the number of transmission towers, the number of solar panels (for a given wattage), the number of wind turbines (for a given wattage), the number of batteries (for a given storage), the amount of lithium, copper, cobalt, nickel, concrete, and steel etc. needed to build the aforesaid generators and storage. It will need to include the amount of land needed for solar, wind, transmission, and storage products and the biodiversity offsets. Could the amount of CO2 required to build, recycle, or dispose of the aforementioned items also be included. Likewise, could the cost of building, recycling, and disposing of the aforementioned items also be clearly outlined. Biodiversity impacts such as increased tyre wear due to heavier batteries in cars, increased breaking distance on roadkill, impact on bats and birds from transmission lines and wind turbines, and removal of native flora and fauna due to land use should also be clearly outlined. 3. If the CSIRO cannot provide, can it state which department is responsible for maintaining and tracking the roadmap and refer the question onto them? 4. Could the change in Earth’s temperature as a result of Australia undertaking the 43% reduction in CO2 measures please be stated in order to ensure appropriate benchmarking and accountability if targets are not met? 5. Could the CSIRO confirm if every country uses the same methods to calculate CO2 emission and reductions? If not, why not? What guarantees are there under the Net Zero that Australia won’t be disadvantaged as a result of signing up to the Net Zero pledge?

1. Can the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water provide a comprehensive roadmap of the work required for Australia to meet a 43% reduction in CO2 by 2030. This roadmap should set out the length of transmission lines, the number of transmission towers, the number of solar panels (for a give wattage), the number of wind turbines (for a given wattage), the number of batteries (for a given storage), the amount of lithium, copper, cobalt, nickel, concrete, and steel etc. needed to build the aforesaid generators and storage. It will need to include the amount of land needed for solar, wind, transmission and storage products, and the biodiversity offsets. Could the amount of CO2 required to build, recycle, or dispose of the aforementioned items also be included? Likewise, could the cost of building, recycling, and disposing of the aforementioned items also be clearly outlined? Biodiversity impacts such as increased tyre wear due to heavier batteries in cars, increased breaking distance on roadkill, impact on bats and birds from transmission lines and wind turbines, and removal of native flora and fauna due to land use should also be clearly outlined. 2. If the Department cannot provide, can it state which department is responsible for maintaining and tracking the roadmap and refer the question onto them?

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